TENACITy Project Concludes: Strengthening Trust and Innovation in European Travel Intelligence

The TENACITy project has successfully completed its three-year journey, delivering a holistic Travel Intelligence Governance Framework that combines innovation, interoperability, and ethics. Bringing together 17 partners from across Europe, TENACITy developed advanced tools including Risk Management, Anomaly Detection, OSINT and Blockchain based data exchange solutions and validated them in real-world settings. The project also co-designed its approach with citizens and Passenger Information Units (PIUs) to ensure transparency, accountability, and trust. TENACITy demonstrated that technological progress in security can fully align with European values of privacy, ethics, and fundamental rights.

Read more in the Final Publishable Report below:

Strengthening Security Through EU-funded Research & Innovation: Advancing Border and Forensic Capabilities

Abstract:

This document presents key insights from four EU-funded projects FLEXI-cross, TENSOR, ODYSSEUS, and TENACITy working on border management, travel security, and law enforcement intelligence support. It highlights common challenges, lessons learned, and gaps identified across technical and operational implementations. This joint report serves as a roadmap for policymakers, security practitioners, industry stakeholders, and technology experts, fostering a more secure and intelligent approach to border management and law enforcement.

TENACITy Final Pilot & Conference – Strengthening Security & Resilience – Press Release

Read the full Press Release of the TENACITy Final Pilot & Conference “Strengthening Security & Resilience” 

TENACITy: Pioneering Ethical and Intelligent Travel Security in Europe

TENACITy: Pioneering Ethical and Intelligent Travel Security in Europe

Celebrating Innovation, Collaboration and Impact

As TENACITy concludes its three-year journey under the EU’s Horizon Europe programme, the project stands as a testament to what collaboration, trust, and innovation can achieve in shaping a safer and more connected Europe. From its launch in 2022 to the final conference “Strengthening Security & Resilience” in Brussels, TENACITy has transformed the vision of ethical, data-driven travel intelligence into reality.

At its core, TENACITy has delivered a Travel Intelligence Governance Framework (TIGF) a comprehensive approach that integrates advanced digital tools, robust legal and ethical safeguards, and active engagement with practitioners and citizens alike. This framework empowers European security authorities to make informed, evidence-based decisions while preserving the fundamental rights and trust of individuals.

A Journey of Co-Creation and Progress

From the very beginning, TENACITy brought together 17 partners across Europe uniting law enforcement agencies, Passenger Information Units (PIUs), research institutions, technology providers and ethics experts. Together, they co-designed the tools and frameworks that now define the future of travel intelligence.

Early Phase Foundations: The project began by defining common needs through an extensive end-user requirements process, ensuring that every technical solution reflected real operational challenges.

Innovation Through Living Labs: Interactive workshops and Living Labs in Athens and other European cities allowed practitioners to test early tool prototypes, share feedback, and refine system usability.

Piloting and Validation: Under the leadership of KEMEA, two full-scale pilot demonstrations put TENACITy’s solutions to the test in realistic operational settings, confirming their reliability, scalability, and ethical robustness.

Knowledge Sharing: Training workshops, expert roundtables, and participation in key European events such as RISE-SD 2024 and the Thessaloniki International Trade Fair built bridges across borders and disciplines, promoting collaboration on secure, interoperable data use.

These milestones culminated in the Final Pilot & Conference in June 2025 a celebration of achievement and a showcase of the integrated TENACITy platform, where law enforcement officers, policymakers and researchers witnessed the tools in action through live demonstrations and a virtual large-scale exercise.

Smart Tools for a Safer Europe

TENACITy developed an interoperable suite of advanced tools that bring the Travel Intelligence Governance Framework to life combining data-driven precision with ethical oversight. Designed in close collaboration with end users, these tools enhance the prevention and investigation of serious crime and terrorism while upholding European values.

  • Risk Management Tool (RMT): Parses Passenger Name Record (PNR) data to generate dynamic risk assessments, connecting with other TENACITy tools for enhanced accuracy.
  • Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT) Tool: Enables extensive, privacy-respecting searches across open and controlled online environments to detect relevant security signals.
  • Similarity Search Tool: Identifies individuals with obscured or variant identities, improving traveler identification and analysis.
  • Anomaly Detection Tool: Detects irregular travel patterns using clustering techniques, supporting early recognition of potential risks.
  • Blockchain Tool: Provides a secure, permissioned channel for the exchange of PNR and related data using Hyperledger Fabric technology.
  • COPT Intelligence Automation Tool: Assists analysts by suggesting leads and associations through transparent, explainable machine learning models.
  • TENACITy Training Platform: Equips practitioners with knowledge and hands-on experience to effectively use the toolset and apply the governance framework in real-world contexts.

Together, these tools embody TENACITy’s holistic approach integrating technology, governance, and human oversight to strengthen Europe’s capacity for ethical, evidence-based security.

Building Trust and Capacity

Beyond technology, TENACITy has championed trust and capacity-building as cornerstones of its impact. Through its training platform and evaluation exercises, practitioners gained not only technical proficiency but also a deeper understanding of the ethical and societal implications of travel intelligence. Research on citizens’ perceptions, conducted across multiple European countries, further reinforced the importance of transparency and accountability in fostering public confidence.

Legacy and the Road Ahead

TENACITy’s outcomes from its tools and frameworks to training resources and policy recommendations remain accessible on the project website. Consortium partners continue to build upon these results, ensuring that the project’s impact endures within the European security and data-governance ecosystem.

TENACITy leaves behind more than technological innovation, it leaves a model for collaboration and responsible governance proving that Europe’s digital transformation in security can advance both safety and citizens’ rights in equal measure.

TENACITy Final Pilot & Conference – Event Highlights & Outcomes

The TENACITy Final Pilot & Conference – “Strengthening Security & Resilience” took place in Brussels, bringing together European security experts, policymakers, and technology partners. The event marked the successful conclusion of the Horizon EU Funded TENACITy project, demonstrating how innovative travel intelligence tools and governance frameworks can enhance Europe’s capacity to prevent and respond to crime and terrorism.

Opening Remarks & Project Overview

The day began with welcoming remarks and an overview of the event’s goals. Attendees were introduced to the Final Pilot objectives and TENACITy’s strategic vision to enhance security and travel intelligence in Europe.

Key points:

  • Presentation of the project’s main achievements
  • Introduction to the Travel Intelligence Governance Framework
  • Emphasis on stakeholder collaboration and ethical innovation

Virtual Large-Scale Exercise

A highlight of the day was the Virtual Large-Scale Exercise, where participants engaged in a simulated operational environment to test the TENACITy tools in action. Divided into working groups and supported by technical partners, attendees explored the tools’ performance and collaboration features in realistic, scenario-based conditions.

Key takeaways:

  • Realistic hands-on testing environment
  • Guided collaboration between technical experts and end users
  • Demonstrated tool performance under simulated operational settings

Evaluation & Societal-Legal Aspects Discussion

Following the Virtual Large-Scale Exercise, participants completed the official EU Evaluation Survey, providing essential feedback on the usability and relevance of the TENACITy tools. The session continued with a dedicated discussion on the Regulatory, Legal, and Societal Aspects of travel data use, bringing together partners including Transcrime, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Nutcracker Market Research, and KEMEA. The discussion addressed critical challenges such as fragmented passenger data, inconsistent law enforcement protocols, and the legal and ethical safeguards required for cross-border data transfer and use. Researchers presented survey results from Passenger Information Units (PIUs) and Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) regarding the processing of Passenger Name Records (PNR) and Advance Passenger Information (API), highlighting the dual role of travel data in identifying both offenders and victims in aviation contexts. The session emphasized the need for stronger legal alignment, data protection standards, and fundamental rights safeguards to ensure the responsible and effective use of travel intelligence across EU Member States.

Tools Presentations & Technical Exchange

In one of the final sessions of the event, TENACITy consortium partners delivered a comprehensive overview of the suite of tools developed under the project. This session provided participants with valuable insights into both the technical architecture and operational relevance of each tool, along with honest reflections on the development process.

The discussion covered:

  • Functionality & Use Cases: How each tool supports travel intelligence operations in real-world settings.
  • Challenges Faced During Development: From integration complexities to ensuring compliance with evolving legal requirements.
  • Lessons Learned & Future Improvements: Key takeaways from pilot testing and areas identified for refinement or scaling.

This discussion underlined how these tools, integrated within the TENACITy platform, can support Passenger Information Units (PIUs), Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) and other security stakeholders in their mission to prevent and respond to security threats in a timely and ethical manner.

Consortium partners who contributed to the tools discussion included:

  • Space Hellas S.A.
  • Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Information Technology
  • EUROPEAN DYNAMICS
  • Hardware and Software Engineering (H.S.E.)
  • University of Sheffield

Closing Insights: Data, Risk, and the Future of Travel Intelligence

The final sessions of the TENACITy Final Pilot & Conference brought together technical experts, researchers, and policy stakeholders for a forward-looking discussion on the power of data in the fight against crime and terrorism.

Panel: Power of Data in Fighting Crime & Terrorism

A high-level panel explored the vital role of data governance, trust, and interoperability in modern security practices. Speakers emphasized:

  • The need for responsible and ethical use of data in law enforcement and border management.
  • The importance of building trust with citizens to ensure social legitimacy and transparency.
  • Opportunities to enhance the operational efficiency of Passenger Information Units (PIUs) through smarter, integrated solutions.

Tools & Technical Session: Risk, AI & Intelligence

In a dedicated tools discussion, Transcrime, alongside EUROPEAN DYNAMICS, ICCS – NTUA, and SPACE HELLAS S.A., presented technical insights drawn from the development of TENACITy’s actionable intelligence tools and its Risk Management Framework for commercial flights.

Key points addressed:

  • The persistent challenge of the ‘dark figure’ undetected or unreported crime within air travel contexts.
  • The need for AI explainability and transparency in decision-making tools.
  • Cross-sector collaboration gaps and the limited availability of behavioral data that hinder the accuracy of profiling and analysis.
  • The complexities of integrating evidence-based risk indicators into operational workflows and decision-support systems.

These final reflections closed the event on a strong note, reaffirming TENACITy’s commitment to ethically grounded innovation and advancing the future of European security and travel intelligence.

Closing Remarks

We extend our sincere gratitude to all participants, consortium partners, Passenger Information Units (PIUs), Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs), and stakeholders who contributed to the success of the TENACITy Final Pilot & Conference.

We also thank the synergy projects MELCHIOR and FALCON for their valuable collaboration throughout the event, with the FALCON Project being presented during the closing sessions. Together, these efforts reinforce our shared commitment to advancing ethical innovation and strengthening the future of European security and travel intelligence.

Photo Gallery

TENACITy featured in Greek professional magazine Security Manager

The TENACITy project has been featured in the Greek professional magazine Security Manager, a leading publication focused on security technologies, risk management, and innovation. The article, titled “Travelling Intelligence Against Crime and Terrorism,” presents TENACITy’s objectives, technological approach and its contribution to enhancing cooperation in the fight against crime and terrorism across Europe. This coverage highlights TENACITy’s growing visibility within the European security ecosystem and its recognition by sectoral media beyond the consortium.

Read the full article on Security Manager’s website: https://www.securitymanager.gr/ergo-tenacity-quot-travelling-intelligence-against-crime-and-terrorism-quot/


English translation of the Greek press article
Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) use the data in their information systems as a basis for decision-making that affects the safety of European citizens.

According to a recent report by the European Court of Auditors on the use of EU information systems, it was found that different countries have varying perceptions and methodologies regarding data management. Officials from LEAs stated that not all datasets are included in their systems, while other data may be incomplete, inaccurate, or not entered in a timely manner. The same report notes that there are regulatory and “cultural” issues whereby some countries do not make all the functionalities offered by the EU’s central systems available through their national systems.

The TENACITy project aims to address these challenges by proposing a three-pillar approach:

(a) Modern and efficient tools for leveraging travel information data by security authorities: TENACITy proposes an interoperable open architecture for integrating and analyzing multiple types of transactional, historical, and behavioral data from various sources, harnessing transformative digital technologies.

(b) Training and awareness for LEA personnel: TENACITy foresees the design of a “living lab” to host hackathons and workshops for all relevant stakeholders who will benefit from the use of passenger data and the proposed digital technologies.

(c) A holistic approach to crime prevention: This will ensure that the proposed digital technologies support the detection of criminal and terrorist organizations’ modes of operation, while also involving policymakers in governance processes to explore how the new tools can provide fresh opportunities for shaping regulations.

IANUS’s role in the project

IANUS is the partner responsible for developing the Training Methodology and Training Platform within TENACITy.

In this context, IANUS coordinates the development of a comprehensive training methodology focused on the use of passenger information for combating terrorism and organized crime. This includes the design of specialized training curriculum supported by a dedicated e-learning platform for both synchronous and asynchronous learning. The quality of training is further enhanced through practical exercises, hackathons and an interactive Living Lab.

TENACITy Co-Organises FCT and BM Projects Clustering Workshop

On April 1, 2025, the TENACITy project co-organised the FCT and Border Management Projects Clustering Workshop alongside FLEXI-cross, TENSOR, and ODYSSEUS. This workshop served as a platform to exchange knowledge, explore shared challenges, and align strategies for the responsible application of AI in security contexts.

The event brought together experts and stakeholders from all four projects to reflect on project progress, share lessons learned, and address technical, operational, and ethical challenges. Special attention was given to the ethical implications of AI in security, with participants discussing how to ensure AI technologies are both effective and aligned with EU values and principles.

An important conclusion from all the discussions was the necessity of strong standardization to guarantee uniformity in the application of AI across various security fields. This was identified as a key factor in ensuring interoperability, security, and ethical consistency in AI deployment.

A key outcome of the workshop was the identification of common challenges across projects, ranging from data protection and system interoperability to the lack of clear standardization frameworks. These findings will be captured in a joint White Paper, currently in development, which will outline key insights, practical recommendations, and policy considerations to guide future AI governance in the security domain.

The workshop marked an important step toward closer collaboration between Horizon Europe-funded projects working on AI and security. By aligning efforts and pooling expertise, the participating projects aim to contribute to a more unified and ethically sound approach to AI deployment.

TENACITy is proud to be part of this collective effort and looks forward to continuing this work through the upcoming White Paper, which will be shared with policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders in the coming months.

The 2nd TENACITy Living Lab Workshop

The 2nd TENACITy Living Lab Workshop took place on February 28, 2025, at the premises of EUROPEAN DYNAMICS, bringing together a diverse group of security experts, Passenger Information Units (PIUs), airline security officers, and technical partners. This collaborative event provided a dynamic space for hands-on tool validation, scenario-based exercises, and insightful discussions, all aimed at enhancing crime prevention and security operations across Europe.

Exploring Advanced Security Solutions

The workshop commenced with an overview of the TENACITy Project, outlining its core mission, objectives, and the goals of this Living Lab. Participants were introduced to the latest advancements in digital tools designed to support data-driven decision-making, risk assessment, and security monitoring. Following this, attendees engaged in a scenario presentation tailored for airline security officers, while PIUs took part in small-scale exercises to apply key intelligence methodologies to real-world travel security scenarios. These activities emphasized the importance of inter-agency collaboration in ensuring a coordinated and effective response to security challenges.

Hands-On Testing & Technical Validation

One of the most valuable aspects of the workshop was the hands-on session, where participants had the opportunity to test and validate the developed tools in practical, real-time applications. With live support from technical partners, attendees navigated through different functionalities, utilizing chat assistance, training materials, and user manuals to ensure a comprehensive understanding of each tool’s capabilities. The second phase of the workshop focused on PIU-specific scenario presentations, followed by a collaborative hands-on session where PIUs explored the interoperability and synergies between different tools. This session allowed participants to engage in interactive troubleshooting and refinement, further strengthening the operational readiness of the solutions.

Insights, Feedback & Future Improvements

The roundtable discussions and feedback sessions served as a crucial platform for exchanging insights, assessing the effectiveness and usability of the tools, and proposing enhancements for future iterations. Airline security officers provided constructive feedback to the PIU community, sharing observations on tool functionality, integration, and potential areas for improvement. Discussions centered around optimizing usability, streamlining workflows, and ensuring seamless data flow between security stakeholders. The workshop concluded with a final feedback session, where participants and technical experts consolidated their key takeaways, reinforcing the next steps for refining and implementing these digital security solutions in real-world operations.

A Collaborative Effort for a Safer Future

The 2nd TENACITy Living Lab Workshop underscored the importance of collaboration, innovation, and continuous improvement in travel intelligence and security governance. By bringing together key stakeholders, this event fostered knowledge sharing, practical tool validation, and a collective commitment to strengthening security measures across Europe. We extend our gratitude to all participants and technical partners whose expertise and engagement were essential in shaping the successful completion of the 2nd TENACITy Living Lab. Your contributions were key to making the event a success and advancing innovation in travel intelligence and security.

Criminal Exploitation of Maritime, Air and Land Transport in Illicit Trade


Article by UCSC-Transcrime

Globalization has led to a growing interconnection between countries in terms of transport supply chains and movement of people. Although providing relevant opportunities for both EU companies and citizens, such interconnection also poses serious risks in terms of security of external and internal EU borders. EU Border Guards agencies and Law Enforcement Agencies continuously screen incoming passengers and goods to proactively identify potential threats.

Criminal organizations and individual offenders exploit a variety of transportation modi operandi to move illicit products. These modi operandi depend on several factors, such as the risk of detection, the scrutiny level of the border controls, the quantity of the illicit products, and the geographical distance to be covered.[1] Time to time, based on these factors one out of maritime, air or land modes of transport is preferred against the others.

Maritime mode of transport

Criminal organizations and individual offenders frequently exploit sea transport for smuggling illicit products due to its facilitation of large-scale shipments and the relatively lax legal obligations in terms of information to be provided to and controls performed by authorities. In addition, there is a variety of techniques available to hide illicit products in legitimate cargos (see image below).[2]

Rip-on/rip-off: Illicit products are loaded in the port of departure and recovered in the port of destination. Often neither the senders nor the recipients are aware of their legitimate cargo being exploited for illicit purposes.

Switch: This is a variant of the rip-on/rip-off method. In the port of departure, illicit products are placed in an accessible place in the container. At the destination port, before the container is inspected, the products are removed and transferred to another container that has already been inspected or it does not need to be inspected.

Within legitimate goods: Illicit products are concealed or incorporated into the legitimate goods transported in the container. This method typically requires the involvement of the owners of the legal cargo and possibly also of corrupted dock workers.

In container structure: Illicit products are concealed in areas of the container such as insulation materials within the walls and floorings, cooling compartments, or in the exterior beams. This technique requires the involvement of corrupted port employees to place and retrieve illicit goods.

Commercial vessels and drop-off: The illicit products are transported by a variety of commercial vessels such as cargo ships, fishing vessels and tankers. In the proximity of the destination, the consignment is dropped off in the sea for collection.

Pleasure vessels: Due to the less stringent checks, pleasure vessels, such as yachts, are frequently used for the transportation of illicit products.

Inflatable and speed boats: In the case of illicit consignments of short-medium distances and/or in coastal waters, small custom-made vessels are sometimes used.

Underwater attachments and semi-submersibles: Illicit products are transported in missile-shaped containers attached to the hull of the vessels below the water. This method requires the use of specialised divers at both the origin and destination ports.

Despite the specific method, in most cases, corruption has a relevant role in the success of the trafficking as it helps to undermine transport infrastructure or gain access to EU ports.[3]


Air mode of transport

Another common transportation modus operandi exploited by criminals involved in illicit trafficking is air transport. The usage of air transport for criminal purposes mostly relies on commercial aviation through the misuse of scheduled air transport (e.g., passengers and cargo flights) and general aviation (e.g., wide variety of private civil flights). Criminal flights may be operated in three ways: (i) “white” flights are operated in full compliance with general aviation rules; (ii) “grey” flights apparently follow existing regulations, but at some points they deviate from standard procedures (e.g., abuses of reporting, unscheduled stops/touch-and-go and drop-off); (iii) “black” flights are fully unreported, they consist of clandestine flights operated at low altitude, on radio silence, etc. The reliance on air transport for illicit trafficking purposes has as main advantage the possibility of organizing large consignments that can be transported over long distances in relatively short time. The risks associated with this mean of transportation vary greatly according to the typology of flights. Commercial flights are the riskiest and thus, the least exploited, due to the intensive security checks both on passengers and goods. Instead, private planes are less targeted by security checks and need to comply with less security requirements; as a consequence, they are subjected to the misuse by criminals to a greater extent.[4]

The most common aircrafts and related techniques used for the purpose of illicit trafficking through aviation are displayed below.[5]


Commercial passenger flights: Illicit trafficking trough commercial passenger flights mostly involved passengers concealing some illicit products in their luggage or in/on their bodies. This method usually does not necessitate the assistance of corrupted personnel. Generally, this modus operandi is used for the transportation of limited quantities of illicit products.

Cargo flights: In the case of the exploitation of cargo flights, illicit products are usually concealed in parcels or incorporated in the legitimate goods transported by the sender of the legal cargo.

Private jets: Criminal networks often rely on private jets to smuggle large quantities of illicit products over long distances, including transatlantic flights. This modus operandi is typically chosen due to the perceived less stringent controls private jets are subjected to. Very often the crew members of the flight are aware and complicit.

Helicopters: Sometimes also helicopters are used by criminal networks to traffic illicit products on short distances as they offer the possibility of avoiding land security checkpoints.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): UAVs (i.e., drones) consist of an increasingly used modus operandi exploited by criminal networks to smuggle illicit products. This method is especially used to deliver drugs in harshly reachable places (e.g., prisons) or to avoid land borders.

Land mode of transport

Besides maritime and air transportation, illicit products are often trafficked by land. This mode of transport is very frequent for intra-EU trafficking. Indeed, once the illicit products have reached the European mainland most often by sea or air, the distribution to EU MSs mostly occurs by land. This mode of transportation for intra-EU trafficking is often selected by criminal networks due to the advantages brought by the Schengen area that allows free movement of people and goods without systematic controls at the borders. To a lesser extent, the land mode of transportation can also be used for the transferring of illicit products from the origin to the destination countries. Illicit products can alternatively be loaded on private vehicles (e.g., cars, trucks) and commercial trucks where they are concealed among legitimate goods.[6]


[1] UNODC, “Global Study on Firearms Trafficking 2020” (Vienna: United Nations on Drugs and Crime, 2020).

[2] EMCDDA and Europol, EU Drug Markets Report 2019 (LU: Publications Office, 2019), (SOCTA) 2021: A Corrupting Influence : The Infiltration and Undermining of Europe’s Economy and Society by Organised Crime. (LU: Publications Office, 2021).

[3] Europol, European Union Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment (SOCTA) 2021.

[4] EMCDDA and Europol, EU Drug Markets Report 2019; EMCDDA, EU Drug Market, Cocaine; Europol, European Union Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment (SOCTA) 2021.

[5] EMCDDA and Europol, EU Drug Markets Report 2019; EMCDDA, EU Drug Market, Cocaine.

[6] EMCDDA and Europol, EU Drug Markets Report 2019.


TENACITy at RISE-SD 2024

The TENACITy Project was proudly represented at the Research and Innovation Symposium for European Security and Defence (RISE-SD 2024), held on 16–17 October 2024 in Chalkidiki, Greece. The symposium brought together leading voices from across Europe to explore innovative approaches to security in areas such as counter-terrorism, disaster response, infrastructure protection, and cybersecurity.

At this key event, the TENACITy team delivered a project presentation outlining:

  • The challenge and motivation behind TENACITy
  • Our vision for a smarter, values-based travel intelligence framework
  • Progress made so far, including milestones from tool development, training, and stakeholder engagement

In addition to the presentation, TENACITy hosted a dedicated booth, where attendees were invited to explore the project’s goals, methodologies, and impacts through curated dissemination materials. The booth served as a valuable touchpoint for engaging directly with security professionals, researchers, and policy stakeholders.

This event was a meaningful opportunity to:

  • Showcase the achievements of the TENACITy consortium
  • Exchange insights with parallel EU-funded projects
  • Build connections with experts working to enhance European security cooperation

We thank everyone who stopped by our booth and contributed to the conversation on improving travel intelligence systems for the benefit of law enforcement, policymakers and civil society alike.

This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101074048